Two kinds of Religion

Two kinds of Religion
臨済宗　日蓮宗　(Rinzaishuu And Nichirinshuu)

臨済宗（臨濟宗、りんざいしゅう）は、中国禅宗五家（臨済、?仰、曹洞、雲門、法眼）のひとつで、唐の臨済義玄（？-867年）を宗祖とする。彼は『喝の臨済』『臨済将軍』の異名で知られ、豪放な家風を特徴として中国禅興隆の頂点を極めた。公案に参究することにより見性しようとする看話禅（かんなぜん）であり、座禅に徹する曹洞宗の黙照禅と比較されることがある。
Zen is a school of Mahāyāna Buddhism, translated from the Chinese word Chán to English. This word is in turn derived from the Sanskrit dhyāna, which means "meditation" (see etymology below).

Zen emphasizes experiential prajñā, particularly as realized in the form of meditation, in the attainment of enlightenment. As such, it de-emphasizes theoretical knowledge in favor of direct, experiential realization through meditation and dharma practice.

The establishment of Zen is traditionally credited to be in China, the Shaolin Temple, by the Southern Indian Pallava prince-turned-monk Bodhidharma, who came to China to teach a "special transmission outside scriptures" which "did not stand upon words". The emergence of Zen as a distinct school of Buddhism was first documented in China in the 7th century AD. It is thought to have developed as an amalgam of various currents in Mahāyāna Buddhist thought — among them the Yogācāra and Mādhyamaka philosophies and the Prajñāpāramitā literature — and of local traditions in China, particularly Taoism and Huáyán Buddhism. From China Zen subsequently spread south to Vietnam, and east to Korea and Japan.

中国 【ちゅうごく】 (n) (1) China, (2) South-west most region of Honshu, middle of a country, the Hiroshima area, (P)
禅宗 【ぜんしゅう】 (n) Zen sect, (P)
五家 【ごいえ】 Goie (u)
曹司 【そうし】 (n) cadet
雲門 【うんもん】 Unmon (u)
法眼 【ほうげん】 (n) senior priestly rank in Buddhism
唐 【とう】 (n) T'ang-Dynasty (China 618-907), (P)
義玄 【ぎげん】 Gigen (u)
宗祖 【しゅうそ】 (n) sect founder, (P)
彼 【かれ】 (n) he, boyfriend, (P)
将軍 【しょうぐん】 (n) general, shogun, (P)
異名 【いみょう】 (n) another name, nickname, alias, (P)
知らせ 【しらせ】 (n) notice, (P)
豪放 【ごうほう】 (adj-na,n) largehearted, frank, unaffected
家風 【かふう】 (n) family tradition
特徴 【とくちょう】 (n) feature, characteristic, (P)
興隆 【こうりゅう】 (n) rise, prosperity, (P)
頂点 【ちょうてん】 (n) top, summit, (P)
極めて 【きわめて】 (adv) exceedingly, extremely, (P)
公案 【こうあん】 (n) kouan, Zen question for meditation (e.g. the sound of one hand clapping)
参る 【まいる】 (v5r) (1) (hum) to go, to come, to call, (2) to be defeated, to collapse, to die, (3) to be annoyed, to be nonplussed, (4) to be madly in love, (5) to visit (shrine, grave), (P)
究める 【きわめる】 (v1) to master, to investigate thoroughly
見性 【けんしょう】 (n) self-awareness, consciousness of one's own character
座禅 【ざぜん】 (n) (Zen) meditation, (P)
徹する 【てっする】 (vs-s) to sink in, to penetrate, to devote oneself, to believe in, to go through, to do intently and exclusively, (P)
黙る 【だまる】 (v5r) to be silent, (P)
比較 【ひかく】 (n,vs) comparison, (P)


日蓮宗（にちれんしゅう）とは、鎌倉時代中期に日蓮によって興された仏教宗派。法華宗とも称する（ただし天台宗の別称を「法華宗」ということもある）。

今日における狭義では、日蓮を宗祖とする諸宗派の最大宗派「宗教法人日蓮宗」を指し、総本山を身延山久遠寺（くおんじ）とし宗務院を池上本門寺（東京都大田区池上）に置く57総、大、本山の連合宗派で、「釈迦本仏論と一致派」、「釈迦本仏論と勝劣派」、「宗祖本仏論と勝劣派」など教義の異なる諸門流を包含する日蓮系諸宗派中の最大宗派。寺院数5,200ヶ寺、直系信徒330万人。

Nichiren Buddhism (日蓮系諸宗派: Nichiren-kei sho shūha) is a branch of Buddhism based on the teachings of the 13th century Japanese monk Nichiren (1222–1282). Nichiren Buddhism is a comprehensive term covering several major schools and many sub-schools, as well as several of Japan's new religions. Various forms of Nichiren Buddhism have had great influence among certain sections of Japanese society at different times in the country's history, such as among the merchants of Kyoto in Japan's Middle Ages and among some ultranationalists during the pre-World War II era. Nichiren Buddhism is generally noted for its focus on the Lotus Sutra and an attendant belief that all people have an innate Buddha nature and are therefore inherently capable of attaining enlightenment in their current form and present lifetime. It is also noted for positioning itself in opposition to other forms of Japanese Buddhism—in particular the Zen, Pure Land, esoteric, Shingon, and Ritsu schools, which Nichiren saw as deviating from the orthodoxy of Mahayana Buddhism. An evangelical streak is evinced by some schools' practice of shakubuku, efforts to convert others by refuting their current beliefs and convincing them of the validity of Nichiren's teachings. Nichiren Buddhists believe that the spread of Nichiren's teachings and their effect on practitioners' lives will eventually bring about a peaceful, just, and prosperous society.


鎌倉時代 【かまくらじだい】 (n) Kamakura period (1185-1333 CE)
中期 【ちゅうき】 (n-adv,n-t) middle period, (P)
日蓮 【にちれん】 (n) Buddhist priest, 1222-82 (founder of the Nichiren sect)
興す 【おこす】 (v5s) to revive, to retrieve (fortunes), to raise up, (P)
仏教 【ぶっきょう】 (n) Buddhism, (P)
宗派 【しゅうは】 (n) sect, denomination, (P)
法華宗 【ほっけしゅう】 (n) Hokke sect in Buddhism
称する 【しょうする】 (vs-s) (1) to take the name of, to call oneself, (2) to pretend, to feign, to purport, (P)
天台宗 【てんだいしゅう】 (n) Tendai sect (of Buddhism)
別称 【べっしょう】 (n) alias, pseudonym, pen name, nom de plume
狭義 【きょうぎ】 (n,adj-no) narrow sense (e.g. of a word), strict
宗祖 【しゅうそ】 (n) sect founder, (P)
諸 【しょ】 (pref) various, many, several, (P)
最大 【さいだい】 (n) greatest, largest, maximum, (P)
宗教法人 【しゅうきょうほうじん】 (n) religious organization, religious organisation
指す 【さす】 (v5s) to point, to put up umbrella, to play, (P)
総本山 【そうほんざん】 (n) (1) (Buddh) head temple of a sect, (2) (organizational) headquarters, (organisational) headquarters, (P)
身延山久 【みのぶやまひさ】 Minobu Yamahisa
また、日蓮宗系の新宗教も多数存在する。
久遠 【くおん】 (n) eternity
宗務 【しゅうむ】 (n) religious matters
東京都 【とうきょうと】 (n) Tokyo Metropolitan area
大田区 【おおたく】 Ootaku (p)
池上 【いけうえ】 Ikeue (s)
置く 【おく】 (v5k) to put, to place, (P)
総 【そう】 (n,pref) whole, all, general, gross, (P)
本山 【ほんざん】 (n) head temple, this temple, (P)
連合 【れんごう】 (n) union, alliance, (P)
釈迦 【しゃか】 (n) Shakyamuni, the Buddha, (P)
本仏 【ほんぶつ】 Honbutsu (s)
教義 【きょうぎ】 (n) creed, doctrine
異なる 【ことなる】 (v5r) to differ, to vary, to disagree, (P)
包含 【ほうがん】 (n,vs) inclusion, comprehension, implication, (P)
直系 【ちょっけい】 (n) direct descent, direct line, (P)
信徒 【しんと】 (n) layman, believer, adherent, follower, laity, (P)
宗教 【しゅうきょう】 (n) religion, (P)
多数 【たすう】 (n-adv,n) countless, great number, majority, (P)
存在 【そんざい】 (n,vs) existence, being, (P)